4/22/2024 0 Comments Density of water at 4c![]() ![]() Water has a very high specific heat capacity of 4184 J/(kg Heat capacity and heats of vaporization and fusion Heat of vaporization of water from melting to critical temperature This pressure is reached at a depth of about 2200 meters: much less than the mean depth of the ocean (3800 meters). A likely example of naturally occurring supercritical water is in the hottest parts of deep water hydrothermal vents, in which water is heated to the critical temperature by volcanic plumes and the critical pressure is caused by the weight of the ocean at the extreme depths where the vents are located. In nature, this only rarely occurs in extremely hostile conditions. The critical temperature is 647 K and the critical pressure is 22.064 MPa. Visible steam and clouds are formed from minute droplets of water suspended in the air. The gaseous phase of water is known as water vapor (or steam). Aside from common hexagonal crystalline ice, other crystalline and amorphous phases of ice are known. The solid phase of water is known as ice and commonly takes the structure of hard, amalgamated crystals, such as ice cubes, or loosely accumulated granular crystals, like snow. Within the Earth's atmosphere and surface, the liquid phase is the most common and is the form that is generally denoted by the word "water". However, these bonds are strong enough to create many of the peculiar properties of water, some of which make it integral to life. The molecules of water are constantly moving concerning each other, and the hydrogen bonds are continually breaking and reforming at timescales faster than 200 femtoseconds (2 × 10 −13 seconds). This unique property of water is due to hydrogen bonding. ![]() ![]() Under standard conditions, water is primarily a liquid, unlike other analogous hydrides of the oxygen family, which are generally gaseous. Large ice crystals, as in glaciers, also appear blue. This can easily be observed in a water-filled bath or wash-basin whose lining is white. Liquid water has weak absorption bands at wavelengths of around 750 nm which cause it to appear to have a blue color. Water is a tasteless, odorless liquid at ambient temperature and pressure. Water is the chemical substance with chemical formula HĢO one molecule of water has two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to a single oxygen atom. Is a constant, so their respective concentrations are inversely proportional to each other. The product of the activities, or approximately, the concentrations of H + Related to its amphoteric character, it undergoes self-ionization. Water is amphoteric, meaning that it can exhibit properties of an acid or a base, depending on the pH of the solution that it is in it readily produces both H + Its hydrogen bonding causes its many unique properties, such as having a solid form less dense than its liquid form, a relatively high boiling point of 100 ☌ for its molar mass, and a high heat capacity. This polarity allows it to dissociate ions in salts and bond to other polar substances such as alcohols and acids, thus dissolving them. Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other and are strongly polar. It is also the third most abundant molecule in the universe (behind molecular hydrogen and carbon monoxide). It is the most abundant substance on the surface of Earth and the only common substance to exist as a solid, liquid, and gas on Earth's surface. It is by far the most studied chemical compound and is described as the "universal solvent" and the "solvent of life". Water ( H 2O) is a polar inorganic compound that is at room temperature a tasteless and odorless liquid, which is nearly colorless apart from an inherent hint of blue. Partially miscible with diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, bromine.ģ.1690 kilopascals or 0.031276 atm at 25 ☌ Miscible with methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, acetone, glycerol, 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, sulfolane, acetaldehyde, dimethylformamide, dimethoxyethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile. Improved solubility in carboxylates, alcohols, ketones, amines. Poorly soluble in haloalkanes, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers. ![]()
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![]() ![]() Sources - Source files of generators, checkers (verifiers) and validator. You can change these files if you want to change some system behavior. For example, “problem.tex” (which will be renamed) is also resources. All resources will be copied to the compilation folder while compilation. Resources - Header files, library files and other files you need in process of compilation of your sources. There are three types you can upload on the “Files” tab. Note that there are no samples because we didn’t add any sample tests or solutions yet. Files - You can add any file you want to use in the statement usually images.Īfter filling the fields, We can review the problem in LaTeX, HTML or PDF.Notes - They appear under the sample tests, maybe description of the samples or some other definitions not mentioned in the Legend.Output format - Description of how you should print the output.Input format - This field includes description of how the input is given.Legend - Here you write the problem description.You can find several fields, this fields are: Problem statements are written using LaTeX. You can choose the language and create the statement. Let’s chose English and hit create. StatementsĮvery problem needs at least one statement, Polygon supports multiply languages statements for problem. We will not change these values as the default values are suitable for our problems. Statement and Tutorial sketch - Short description.Interactive - Used with interactive problems.Memory limit - Memory limit in megabytes.Time limit - Time limit per test in milliseconds.Output file - Output file name or “stdout” in case of standard output. ![]() Input file - Input file name or “stdin” in case of standard input.This tab contains information about the problem, this includes: There are many things to do here, we will go by them one by one, but first let’s start with the General Info tab. This image contains the Create Problem Form.Īfter hitting Create you will get something like the image, to start edit session let’s click on Start. Problem name must contain lowercased words, separated by dash. ![]() Create the problemĪfter making an account on polygon, the first thing you need to do is to create the problem, This can be done by clicking the New Problem link in the homepage, You will be asked to provide a problem name. It’s guaranteed that the array contain at least one prime number.Ĭonstraints: \(1 \le n \le 10^3\), \(1 \le A_i \le 10^3\). Given an array of \(n\) integers, you should print any prime number in the array. I think the best way to explain everything is by giving a problem and going through all development process, so let’s start with this simple problem. You can read more about testlib from Codeforces blogs. Many contests are prepared by using testlib.h, All-Russian school olympiads, ACM-ICPC regional contests, all Codeforces round and many others. Polygon uses testlib.h in problem creation, This library is a standard solution in a professional community of problemsetters in Russia and several other countries. 4/22/2024 0 Comments Jumble word game history![]() ![]() With our tips and tricks, you'll be a jumble-solving pro in no time! That's why we've put together this comprehensive guide to jumble solving. But, for some, it can also be a frustrating challenge. It's a popular pastime for many people and can provide hours of entertainment. The first to correctly identify and spell their chosen word wins the card and thus a point.įirst to win 10 cards is declared the winner of the game.A jumble is a word puzzle that requires you to rearrange the letters to form a word or phrase. The players rush to correctly spell any of the words they recognize in the options. The first player picks up a card and reads the definition. ALTERNATE PLAY FOR YOUNGER PLAYERSįollow same set up rules but discard the timer The winner is the player with the most cards. The game ends when a player wins 20 points and is declared the winner.Īlternatively the players may decide to set a goal of less than 20 cards. The first player to unscramble 20 of their assigned words earns 20 points and wins the game. The player to the left of the first player flips and reads the next card and play continues clockwise in subsequent rounds.īoth speed and accuracy in spelling are determining factors in choosing who wins the card. Where no player is able to correctly unscramble their assigned words before the time runs out, no one claims the card or earns the point and the card is put in a discard pile face down. The number of cards won represents the number of points earned. The cards won are stacked face down beside the players who have won them. If the player was wrong in identifying their assigned word or identified the correct word but spelt it wrongly, he loses the next turn for disrupting the round. If the answer is correct, the player claims the card and wins a point. The other players stop to confirm that the word has been correctly identified and unscrambled. The first player to correctly unscramble their words raises their hands off the table and shouts done. Fastest fingers matter here as others may equally be in need of the same letters you are seeking. Player D needed an extra E to correctly spell their word. If needed, extra letters can be picked from the tile pool to help form the words but must be returned to the pool after each round. Players are restricted to unscrambling the words assigned to their identification cards. Players then race to be the first to unscramble the words in relation to the definition provided and spell them with their set of letter tiles. GAMEPLAYĪ player is randomly chosen to be the first to pick a card and read out the definition. Get a stopwatch or phone and set a one minute time frame for each round. ![]() Any unused letter tiles are left in the box.ĭisplay the black letter tiles( made up of two sets of the alphabet) in the middle of the play area right side up ensuring that none rests on top of the other and all are clearly seen within easy reach of all the players. Return the unpicked cards back to the box.Įach player gathers a set of alphabet/letter tiles corresponding to the colour of the identification card picked. Place the four identification cards face down and have each player pick one to determine which of the options on the card they are assigned to unscramble. Shuffle and arrange the chosen deck of cards and place them in the centre of the play area face down. 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For example, millions of dollars are allocated annually to funds providing welfare and assistance to people of color in need, such as TANF. They address these issues with limited social reforms, which allegedly serve to create an illusion of progress in terms of equality (Schaefer, 2013). The conflict theory proponents state that today’s policy-makers acknowledge potential challenges caused by continuous oppression. As in other situations, discrimination can be based on various factors, but gender and race remain the key aspects contributing to the disparities. In this case, stratification is viewed as an instrument, which facilitates the abuse of less fortunate social classes (Schaefer, 2013). This philosophy considers history as a continuous struggle between the oppressed and oppressors. Nevertheless, the functionalist perspective does not address unjustified stratification systems, in which people are ascribed to a certain status because of aspects they cannot control, such as race or gender.Īt the same time, the conflict theory perspective utilizes the ideas of Karl Marx as its foundation. This system of rewards responds to the demand for suitable candidates for key positions. It is said that the discussed phenomenon is a form of society’s self-regulatory mechanism, as it wants to ensure that all positions and wealth are distributed according to people’s talents and skills.įunctionalists believe that social inequality serves as a motivation for people to continue their development and attain higher statuses. Proponents of the functionalist perspective argue that stratification is universal (Schaefer, 2013). The problem of stratification has been an area of intense interest for sociologists, and there exist several dominant models, which aim at explaining it. In this case, it becomes difficult for people to move outside their assigned stratum, thus impairing a nation’s social mobility. Gender and racial disparities make it difficult for certain groups to realize their potential in terms of achieved social status. Schaefer (2013) outlines the difference between one’s ascribed and achieved social status. All three elements form a complex stratification framework, as they influence one another both directly and indirectly. Sociologists discern three aspects of discrimination, which are gender, race, and class. According to Schaefer (2013), this phenomenon exists on several levels, from personal relationships between individuals to global inequality patterns. Social stratification is a complex, multi-faceted issue, which is caused by several negative aspects. ![]() The purpose of this essay is to explore social stratification in light of the aforementioned approaches and their key ideas. The issue can be examined from various perspectives and the points of view of functionalism and conflict theory. People around the world experience severe discrimination, which is detrimental to society’s overall development. Despite considerable efforts toward global equality in recent years, society, in general, is still prone to stratification. ![]() 4/21/2024 0 Comments Change voice recording online![]() While it may not allow you to join calls using those filters, you can use these filters when you call or send video Snaps to another Snapchat user. All you need to do is head into the filter library and look for filters that let you change your voice. The tool is known for its amazing beauty filters and has many filters that allow you to change your voice too. Snapchat is one of the most popular social media apps in the world today. A vast library of customizable voice effect. ![]() Live voice morphing, including when in call.Vast program compatibility and integration.NCH Voxal Voice changer offers the same customizability in each version, making it one of the best funny voice changers today. Besides that, you can also find an app on Android. The tool is compatible with Windows and Mac, so you can use it on any Pt you wish. This tool has many great voice filters and different categories that allow you to be a funny voice-morphing person in any call or gaming session. NCH Voxal Voice Changer is another veteran tool that is a well-known voice changer in the gaming and streaming community. Regardless of how you use it, this tool is an incredible yet simple solution for many users who wish to change voice on Discord or during gameplay. Or, you can try the existing voice effects to customize them according to your liking. You can mess around in customization and change the pitch of your voice. This simple funny voice changer only has a limited but effective set of features, which allow you to change your voice and make it as funny as you like. However, this tool is only available on Windows, so you might hit a wall if you wish to use it on Mac.Ĭlownfish Voice Changer is for those who like a simple yet effective solution. Then, you can add or edit any customized voice filter to make it as funny as you like. ![]() Besides that, it offers simple yet realistic voice customization.īesides its usual features of online voice morphing, the tool also acts as a voice recorder. These features make it an ideal voice changer for stream and gaming to change funny voices on the go.ĪV Voice Changer is an excellent Windows 10 voice changer, which is synonymous with goofy sound effects and the ability to morph your voice into any voice as you are on a call or gaming session. You can also key bind it to macro keys on your keyboard or if you use a stream deck. Each voice filter also allows you to customize it according to your liking, which you can save in the library as another name. It makes it very easy to navigate between the voice filters, then pick and use the one you like the most. The first thing you'll notice about this tool is its very attractive UI design. This tool isn't just easy to use, but it also has an array of funny voice filters that'll leave you laughing for hours on end. VoiceMod is one of the top voice changers that you can find today.
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![]() ![]() This allows players to adjust the length, opacity, distance, and thickness of the crosshair.īest Valorant Crosshairs and Codes Used By Pros and Streamers Photo by Robots Inner and outer lines: Lastly, we have the inner and outer lines, which are governed by several sliders. ![]() ![]() This is useful if you want to poach crosshair settings. Show spectated player’s crosshair: Not a useful option in-game, but when spectating, you can take a look-see at your teammate’s crosshairs if you want.More or less, this is used to remind new players to keep a close eye on their gun recoil. It goes back when you’re not firing your gun anymore. If this is activated, your crosshair’s top half fades if the fire of your automatic weapon spray is off. Fade crosshair with firing error: This one is a bit weird.Same deal as outlines, you can change the thickness and opacity of the dot. Not necessary, but useful for those that like big crosshairs as it gives a center point to line-up shots. Center dot: This option gives players a choice of a center dot smack dab in the middle of the player crosshair.You can turn this off if you wish, but you can also change opacity, as well as the thickness of the said outline. Outlines: Specifically, the outer edges of an FPS game’s crosshairs have a black highlight, and Valorant is no exception.Go for a bright one to prevent it from blending in the map. Crosshair color: There are 8 colors for players to pick from here.When it comes to Valorant’s crosshair options, players have several choices for their sliders and options. Now that we know what to look for, let’s go to the options. If you don’t like it, simply edit it and play for a few days again. This is so that you can get a feel of it and get used to playing with said crosshair setting. Last but not least, remember to keep using a specific crosshair setting, at least for a few days. Thus, being able to do so without your eyes sending you to the gulag is a great thing to have. You’ll be staring at that crosshair for hours, after all. Gives you the ability to aim comfortably: Last but not least is comfort.After all, a huge crosshair can impair vision. Doesn’t cover enemies fully: If your enemy’s pretty far from you and you want to click their heads, you don’t want your crosshair in the way when you shoot.Keeping good situational awareness is a good idea with shooters like Valorant. Doesn’t distract the user: Being able to see your crosshair means jack if you’re distracted by it.In addition, making sure that it can be seen in different backgrounds and scenarios in-game is a great thing to go for. Gives the player great visibility: Being able to see your crosshair is a great thing.But if you want a more general idea of the ideal crosshair to use in first-person shooter games, specifically Valorant, you need to get your crosshair settings to have these qualities: After all, everyone has their ideal crosshair settings. The first thing you need to know is that you might want to tinker a bit with the settings to find what’s best for you. ![]() 4/21/2024 0 Comments Emissor nota fiscal eletronica![]() ![]() A new field has been introduced for the fiscal benefit code (Beneficio Fiscal), aimed at reducing the calculation base within CST51.The use of these fields is at the discretion of each Federation (State). Within Group 1, including Products and Services of the NF-e, an optional section has been added, including fields related to presumed credit information. Fields for "Crédito Presumido" information have been introduced.The main additions included in this Technical Note are: The fiscal and legal validity of the Electronic Invoice is guaranteed through the digital signatures of the issuer and recipient, as well as the validation of the document by the Brazilian tax authorities (Secretaria de Fazenda - SEFAZ), as a prerequisite for the commercial transaction. The authorized NF-e must be sent to the customer, acting as the official invoice that details the commercial transaction between the buyer and seller. At this point, with the authorized NF-e, the issuing company can generate the DANFE (Auxiliary Document of NF-e), which is a dispatch advice related to the authorized electronic invoice and must accompany the goods during transportation. This document will be sent via Web Services to the SEFAZ (Tax Authority), which, upon validation, will issue the corresponding authorization to the issuing company. The Electronic Invoice is an electronically issued and archived XML document that aims to document the circulation of goods or the provision of services between the offering and demanding parties in different states of Brazil. This process ensures the integrity and authenticity of the invoices, avoids errors and rejections, and helps taxpayers meet their tax obligations in a timely manner. Once authorized, the commercial transaction can proceed. It is important to note that the issuer must first send the electronic invoice to the tax authorities for validation. CT-e is used for logistics and goods transportation services.The electronic invoicing process is carried out through the authorization of the Nota Fiscal Eletrônica (NF-e), the Nota Fiscal de Serviços Eletrônica (NFS-e), and the Conhecimento de Trasporte Eletrônico (CT-e). Through this system, invoices are generated, transmitted and filed electronically, eliminating the need for physical documents and streamlining the flow of information. ![]() In Brazil, the Electronic Invoice system, known as "NF-e" (Nota Fiscal Eletrônica), has revolutionized the way companies issue and manage their invoices. This system was designed to improve efficiency and transparency in commercial transactions, as well as reduce tax fraud. Since 2008, Brazil has implemented an authorization-based electronic invoicing model that requires the country's tax authorities to validate an invoice before a supplier can issue it to a payer. ![]() ![]() If not, they have support setup on their site where you can request further assistance. By trying out these various fixes, you should get the launcher for Escape From Tarkov working. Try to clear the cache in the launcher, restart the computer, make sure your computer and drivers are all up to date, along with any other basic steps associated with keeping the computer up to par. ![]() If none of these fixes seem to help, the rest of the solutions are pretty typical for most computer related programs. For the last one in particular, they recommend you running the game under a different profile to see if it will work. They also recommend some other fixes like having an antivirus to prevent viruses that could cause issues, making sure you have enough RAM to run it, and that augmentative devices are installed incorrectly. Another potential issue causing this is that your antivirus may be blocking the game, so you must whitelist Escape From Tarkov to prevent that from happening. ![]() Next is to launch the registry cleaner program, as the error might be as a result of errors in the registry. The first is to reinstall DirectX on your computer with a web installer. This is stated as an “Access Violation,” with Battlestate Games officially providing a list of recommendations to try and combat this issue. One of the most common errors that people have been experiencing has been 0xc0000005, which either causes your game to crash and not be able to be reopened or just won’t open in the first place from the launcher. If that does not work, you may have to re-download the file itself and try again and see what happens. The solution here is to try and run the download file as an Administrator on your computer, which usually lets you more easily install certain items. The first issue that people have had has been not being able to install the game in the first place, with it saying a certain client file can’t be loaded. Instead, you’ll need the Battlestate Games launcher installed. ![]() Escape From Tarkov is currently exclusive to PC, though it’s not available through a launcher like Steam. There are few different issues that people are having here and we will try to help with a couple of them. JanuIf you pre-ordered a copy of Escape From Tarkov, or received a promo code for Beta Test access, you may be wondering how to install the game. Ever since the release of Escape from Tarkov, some players have had issues with the game’s launcher that prevent you from being able to play. ![]() 4/21/2024 0 Comments Boot camp windows mac os![]() That said, if you still have an Intel Mac, Boot Camp provides an easy and free way to run Windows on a Mac.īoot Camp is also still useful for those Intel Mac users that require a lot of RAM or processing power such as CAD software and graphic design apps. However, the growing number of alternative ways of playing Windows games on a Mac mean that Boot Camp is increasingly less popular for this too. Historically, using Boot Camp to run Windows only games has been especially popular with gamers because Boot Camp leverages more power from your graphics card as it doesn’t have to run a virtual machine like Parallels does.īoot Camp therefore makes playing resource intensive games like Valheim on a Mac much smoother and less choppy as there are far fewer dropped frames. Traditionally, Apple Boot Camp has been one of the most popular ways to install Windows on a Mac but is gradually becoming more obsolete because of Apple’s decision to drop support for it from Apple Silicon Macs.īoot Camp is a free tool in macOS which allows you to install Windows on a partition on your Mac hard drive so you can choose whether to dual boot your Mac in either Windows or macOS.
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